The invertebrate benthic community of two solar salt ponds in Aveiro,Portugal     

N. Vieira  F. Amat 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1996,5(4):281-286

The invertebrate benthic community of two Aveiro salt pond systems was studied in order to evaluate its diversity, density and the influence of organic matter and salt production. Samples were collected monthly at Esmolas and Tanoeiras. Five groups of benthic organisms were found: Nemathelminthes, Annelida (Nereis diversicolor), Crustacea (Sphaeroma serratum andTanais cavolini), Insecta (Chironomidae), Bivalvia Mollusca (Cerastoderma edule, Spisula solida andMya arenaria) and Gasteropoda Mollusca (Hydrobia ulvae, Cingulla cingullus, Cingulla semistriata, Odostomia rissoides, Odostomia unidentata, Scrobicularia alba, Valvata cristata andPaludestrina acuta). The highest density of the benthic community was observed during the non-productive season in all but the crystallizing pond systems. In both salt ponds, salinity acted as limiting factor. The dominant group was Gasteropoda, although high densities of Bivalvia were recorded in some ponds. In the feeder pond and the channels, species diversity was highest in the Tanoeiras salt pond, probably because its physical and chemical characteristics allowed the development of stable communities.  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾对东北碳酸盐型盐碱水域的适应能力   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

杨富亿  李秀军  杨欣乔  孙丽敏 《海洋科学》2008,32(1):41-44

通过急性毒性实验,研究碳酸盐碱度对淡化凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)幼虾的毒性效应及其在碳酸盐型盐碱水域的生存能力。结果表明,在pH为7.12~8.14时,碳酸盐碱度对幼虾的24 h半有效浓度(EC50)为2.73 mmol/L。在pH为8.11~8.72时,碳酸盐碱度对幼虾的24,48和96 h的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为12.40,11.24和10.49 mmol/L,安全浓度(CS)为2.77 mmol/L。幼虾在碳酸盐型盐碱水域存活时间近9 h。高碱度K 的质量浓度低、Na 与K 的质量浓度比较高是碳酸盐型盐碱水域养殖凡纳滨对虾的主要障碍。  相似文献   

Using nocturnal water level fluctuations for estimating seepage from stormwater detention systems          下载免费PDF全文

Asmita Shukla  Sanjay Shukla  Michael D. Annable 《水文研究》2015,29(26):5465-5476

A simple method, modified from White's method, was developed and verified for estimating seepage from two stormwater detention areas (SDAs) for 2 years, using night‐time changes in surface water levels. The SDAs were located in warm sub‐tropical Florida where the assumption of negligible night‐time evaporation for White's method does not hold true. Daily seepage was estimated using the nocturnal water level fluctuations on no flow days during winter when evaporation losses were insignificant. Specific yield, rather than the composite specific yield, provided accurate seepage estimates. The average annual seepage from the two SDAs was 2.03 m/year. At almost 70% of surface flows, seepage is a significant contributor to regional surface and sub‐surface flows. Comparison of seepage estimates from the night‐time method (NM) and the water balance (WB) method showed that the NM‐based estimates were within the range of the estimates from the WB method. At SDA1, the differences between the NM and WB estimates were 1% and 11%, for the 2 years. The discrepancy between the two estimates became higher (27% and 23%) at SDA2. Larger differences at SDA2 were because of higher error in quantifying pumped inflows for the WB method. Successful performance of NM combined with its low resource (single well monitoring) requirements will help quantify seepage from detention areas and other similar features (e.g. ponds, constructed wetlands) in warmer climates. A scale‐up for the Caloosahatchee River basin showed that seepage from SDA's accounted for 15% of annual river flows indicating the importance of seepage in evaluating water and chemical balances. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

矿山地质环境遥感监测方法初探     

陈伟涛  张志  王焰新  张林 《地质通报》2010,29(203):457-462

针对中国矿山地质环境监管的需求,分别就重要矿集区矿山地质环境监测、矿区滑坡危险性评估、矿区土地复垦可行性研究、尾矿库监测与安全性评估4个目标提出了遥感监测与综合评价方法,为矿山地质环境监管提供了新的技术手段,能够进一步加强中国矿山地质环境监管的时效性,并以此促进遥感技术在矿山地质环境监测中发挥更大的作用。  相似文献   

虾池浮游微藻的种类组成、数量和多样性变动   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

李卓佳  张汉华  郭志勋  贾晓平 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(3):29-34

报道了在集约化养虾中应用有益微生物制剂对虾池浮游微藻的影响,分析了整个养虾周期浮游微藻的种类组成、生物量、优势种及多样性指数的周期变化情况。结果表明,早期虾池浮游微藻细胞数量维持在1×103~3×103mL-1的水平,养殖中期开始呈指数增长状态,后期达到顶峰,并维持在70×103~160×103mL-1的水平,生物量比自然海区高。优势种类明显,前期为中肋骨条藻和伏氏海毛藻等硅藻类,后期则为绿球藻和栅列藻等绿藻类,水色及藻相呈良好状态,而不施加芽孢杆菌制剂的对照池则在后期出现较大比例的有害的蓝藻。虾池藻类多样性指数、均匀度指数和种类丰度均呈现前期高后期低的趋势,而优势度指数则相反,呈现前期低后期高的趋势。浮游植物的多样性指数为0.60~3.80,平均为1.88,均匀度指数为0.14~0.83,平均为0.45;种类丰度为0.80~2.46,平均为1.38;优势度指数在0.17~0.85,平均为0.41。多样性指数和均匀度均比粤东海域低,但优势度则甚高。  相似文献   

Seasonal hydrochemistry of a high Arctic wetland complex     

Dan K. Thompson  Ming‐Ko Woo 《水文研究》2009,23(10):1397-1407

The seasonal evolution in the hydrochemistry of four types of wetland (pond, ice wedge trough, wet meadow and mesic site) was studied in a 0·5 km² wetland complex in the Canadian High Arctic on the Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island. In the spring, a large influx of overland runoff from snowmelt quickly flushed away the solutes of the ice stored on the wetland surface over the winter, and homogenized the hydrochemistry across the entire wetland complex. As the surface flow receded, various wetland patches became hydrologically disconnected and their hydrochemical characteristics evolved differently. Although underlain by marine sediments and saline permafrost, solute concentrations in much of the wetland complex remained dilute compared with many Arctic wetlands. Through continued evaporation, melting of ground ice and localized thermokarst activities, the hydrochemistry of different wetland types acquired their distinctive characteristics as the summer progressed. This study demonstrates that large diversity in wetland hydrochemistry occurs even within a limited area, indicating the need to caution against generalizations based on limited spatial and temporal samples. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

遥感技术支持下的下龙湾西岸养殖塘变化监测及其对“三生用地”影响分析     

陈王梦  李通  张丽  张红日  闫敏  杜跃飞 《测绘通报》2020,(9):66-71

下龙湾西岸是越南北部沿海的养殖大区，随着水产养殖用地规模的逐渐扩大，周边三生用地（生产用地、生活用地、生态用地）空间格局受到影响。本文以下龙湾西岸的5个沿海地区为研究区，利用1990、2000、2010、2015年4期无云Landsat TM/OLI遥感数据，采用分类回归树方法，对1990—2015年的土地利用变化进行监测。通过土地利用净变化量、土地利用动态度模型、相关性分析等方法，定量分析养殖塘时空格局演变特征及对三生用地的影响。结果表明：①25年间，养殖塘面积呈“单峰”式先增后减变化，净增加66.65 km²，2000年面积为156.65 km²，较1990年面积增长113%，2015年较2000年面积减少11%。总体呈现数量上“北增南减”、速率上“东快西慢”的面积变化特征。②养殖塘转入面积中，生产用地对养殖塘转移面积占31%，生活用地占4%，生态用地占65%。空间格局整体以白藤江及陆地中轴为界线，呈南北分区、东西分界的转入转出规律。③养殖塘占用生活用地7.24 km²，二者呈正相关关系，R²为0.46；养殖塘分别占用生产用地和生态用地55.14、115.14 km²，并与两者成负相关关系，R²分别为-0.96和-0.81。由此可知，利用遥感技术监测养殖塘时空变迁对土地资源的规划配置与可持续发展具有重意义。  相似文献   

Ecology of benthic polychaetes in the heathcote estuary,New Zealand     

I. N. Estcourt 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):371-394

The distributions of 19 species of polychaetes burrowing in the intertidal sand and mudbanks of the Heathcote Estuary, New Zealand, are related to salinity, sediment grade, and length of time of exposure at low tide. Only Nicon aestuariensis Knox and Scotecolepides benhami Ehlers appear to be truly estuarine species reaching their greatest population densities in low salinities. Incidental observations of feeding and reproduction are reported.  相似文献   

Pond biodiversity and habitat loss in the UK   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

P J Wood  M T Greenwood  M D Agnew 《Area》2003,35(2):206-216

Ponds are common landscape features but have been poorly studied compared to other freshwater habitats in the UK, despite their high frequency of occurrence. In the last century, many ponds have been lost and those that remain face increasing pressure due to agricultural land drainage, pollution and urban development. However, ponds provide important habitats for diverse floral and faunal communities, including a number of rare taxa of conservation interest. This paper examines the biodiversity and wider environmental value of ponds, with particular reference to the aquatic invertebrate and amphibian communities they support, and the adverse impact of anthropogenic activity on their aquatic habitats.  相似文献   

Water management for irrigation,crop yield and social attitudes: a socio-agricultural agent-based model to explore a collective action problem     

Lucia Tamburino  Giuliano Di Baldassarre 《水文科学杂志》2020,65(11):1815-1829

ABSTRACT

When rainfall does not meet crop water requirements, supplemental irrigation is needed to maintain productivity. On-farm ponds can prevent excessive groundwater exploitation – to the benefit of the whole community – but they reduce the cultivated area and require investments by each farmer. Thus, choosing the source of water for irrigation (groundwater vs on-farm pond) is a problem of collective action. An agent-based model is developed to simulate a smallholder farming system; the farmers’ long-/short-view orientation determines the choice of the water source. We identify the most beneficial water source for economic gain and its stability, and how it can change across communities and under future climate scenarios. By using on-farm ponds, long-view-oriented farmers provide collective advantages but have individual advantages only under extreme climates; a tragedy of the commons is always possible. Changes in farmers’ attitudes (and hence sources of water) based on previous experiences can worsen the economic outcome.  相似文献